Dr. Hirotsugu Azechi and Dr. Susumu Takahashi, Graduate School of Brain Sciences, develop Virtual Marker Tracking (vmTracking) to study the movement patterns of multiple animals in crowded spaces.
Understanding the movement patterns of animals is crucial for analyzing complex behaviors. However, accurately tracking the poses of individuals in crowded and densely populated environments remains a major challenge. Azechi and Takahashi have developed ‘Virtual Marker Tracking’ (vmTracking), which assigns virtual markers to animals, enabling consistent identification and posture tracking even in crowded environments. Their findings offer a simple, effective solution for tracking multiple animals in complex spaces for precise behavioral studies.
Reference
Azechi H, Takahashi S (2025) vmTracking enables highly accurate multi-animal pose tracking in crowded environments. PLoS Biol 23(2): e3003002.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003002
https://research.doshisha.ac.jp/news/news-detail-70/
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1074166
Title: vmTracking enables accurate identification in crowded environments
Caption: Conventional markerless tracking methods struggle with body part misestimations or missing estimates in crowded spaces. In vmTracking, markerless multi-animal tracking is performed on a video containing multiple individuals. The resulting tracking output may not always be fully accurate. However, since some of these markers are extracted and used as virtual markers for individual identification, high overall accuracy at this stage is not required. By applying single-animal DeepLabCut to the generated virtual marker video, more accurate pose-tracking results can be obtained compared to conventional methods.
Credit: Hirotsugu Azechi from Doshisha University, Japan
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The research team, including Yasuomi URANO and Noriko NOGUCHI, professors at the F Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences reveal that 25-hydroxycholesterol induces a particular type of cell death called ferroptosis, which could be implicated in several degenerative diseases.
Oxysterols, molecules derived from cholesterol, play crucial roles in our bodies but can also contribute to various diseases. Now, researchers from Japan have discovered that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC) triggers a specific type of cell death called ferroptosis in nerve-supporting cells. The study reveals that 25-OHC disrupts cellular protective mechanisms and antioxidant systems. These findings could lead to new diagnostics and treatments for conditions, like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, where elevated 25-OHC levels have been observed.
Reference
Yasuomi Urano, Anan Iwagaki, Arisa Takeishi, Nazuna Uchiyama, Noriko Noguchi, Downregulation of the SREBP pathways and disruption of redox status by 25-hydroxycholesterol predispose cells to ferroptosis. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 228, pp 319-328, 16 February 2025,
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.01.010
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
https://research.doshisha.ac.jp/news/news-detail-69/
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1074198/
Image title: Overview of the proposed mechanism of 25-OHC-induced ferroptosis
Image caption: This image summarizes the main findings of the study, showing the multifaceted effects that exposure to 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC) has on Schwann cells.
Image credit: Professor Yasuomi Urano from Doshisha University, Japan
License type: CC BY 4.0
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584925000103?via%3Dihub
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New quasi-solid-state lithium-ion-battery can revolutionize the widespread application of electric vehicles and devicesResearchers from Doshisha University, Japan, develop a novel quasi-solid-state lithium-ion battery (LIB) with non-flammable solid and liquid electrolytes. The battery has higher ionic conductivity, improved cycle performance, and better safety than conventional LIBs.※
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The research team, including Mr. Ryosuke Kido,a second-year doctoral fellow and Takayuki Doi, professor at the Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry develop a quasi-solid-state lithium-ion battery with improved stability, safety, and longevity.
Electric devices and vehicles offer a sustainable and economical alternative to fuel-driven machines. However, concerns about the safety and longevity of conventional lithium ion batteries (LIBs) persist. A study from Doshisha University aimed to develop a novel flame-retardant quasi-solid-state battery by combining solid and liquid electrolytes. With higher safety and durability and improved performance, the new LIB has the potential to transform the applications of electric vehicles and devices.
Reference
Ryosuke Kido, Taisuke Horikawa, Atsushi Sano, Tsuyoshi Nagashima, Ryo Okada, Minoru Inaba, Takayuki Doi, Highly safe quasi-solid-state lithium ion batteries with two kinds of nearly saturated and non-flammable electrolyte solutions. Journal of Energy Storage, 102, 114115, 2024,
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114115
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Safe and Energy-Efficient Quasi-Solid Battery for Electric Vehicles and Devices
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 13-JAN-2025,
[Research News] Safe and Energy-Efficient Quasi-Solid Battery for Electric Vehicles and Devices
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Credit: Ryosuke Kido from Doshisha University
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Understanding the influence of cultural identity in intercultural communication.Culture may or may not be a relevant factor in intercultural communications for people globally. In this study, Professor Stadler from Doshisha University examines the relevance of intercultural communications.※
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Professor Stefanie Alexa Stadler, Faculty of Letters Department of English, discusses how cultural differences can affect the dynamics of informal communications in a new linguistic report.
Intercultural communication is vital in today’s growing and connected world. However, differences in cultural and linguistic practices often result in miscommunication. Emphasizing the relevance of culture in informal communication, Professor Stadler explores how cultural differences can affect interaction patterns. The study discusses diverse interactions from East and Southeast Asian settings to reveal how culture often becomes the focal point in conversation, which plays a vital role in international communication.
Reference
Stadler, S. (2024). When culture becomes relevant in intercultural lingua franca communication.World Englishes, 1–19.
https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12720
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Connecting Through Culture: Understanding Its Relevance in Intercultural Lingua Franca Communication
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 10-JAN-2025,
[Research News] Connecting Through Culture: Understanding Its Relevance in Intercultural Lingua Franca Communication
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Credit: Multicultural Globe by Jimee, Jackie, Tom & Asha
License type:CC BY SA 2.0
Usage restriction:Credit must be given to the creator. Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.
https://openverse.org/en-za/image/25818e89-4915-48ef-9ade-7c6ad561050c
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A Flowchart illustrating the study participants, including exclusions based on age and missing data, and categorization by obesity criteria (BMI and waist circumference).Researchers from Doshisha University used walking speed assessments to reveal that individuals with obesity who perceived their subjective walking speed as fast had a lower likelihood of metabolic diseases. This study highlights the potential for earlier intervention in preventing the cascade of diseases associated with obesity.※
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Professor Kojiro Ishii, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, and his team reveal subjective walking speed as a quick, equipment-free tool for identifying metabolic health risks.
Ishii’s team has found that subjective walking speed, assessed by asking individuals to compare their pace with peers, is linked to lower odds of metabolic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in individuals with obesity. This simple, equipment-free assessment could serve as an effective tool in health examinations, paving the way for earlier interventions to prevent the “metabolic domino effect” triggered by obesity-related disorders.
Reference
Yuiko Yamamoto, Kentaro Ikeue, Megumi Kanasaki, Hajime Yamakage, Kan Oishi, Takaaki Mori, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Izuru Masuda & Kojiro Ishii. Association between subjective walking speed and metabolic diseases in individuals with obesity: a cross-sectional analysis. Sci Rep 14, 28228 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78541-w
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Walking Speed as a Simple Predictor of Metabolic Health in Obese Individuals.
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 19-DEC-2024,
[Research News] Walking Speed as a Simple Predictor of Metabolic Health in Obese Individuals
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Credit: Kojiro Ishii from Doshisha University, Japan
License type:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
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An eco-friendly city where batteries with porous silicon electrodes contribute to society.Storing excess energy produced from renewable sources is essential to make the most out of them, but conventional lithium-ion batteries significantly degrade over time. In this study, researchers developed a porous silicon oxide electrode suitable for all-solid-state batteries, addressing a long-standing problem related to their degradation.※
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Professor Takayuki Doi, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and his colleagues investigate a promising strategy for fixing durability issues in all-solid-state batteries.
All-solid-state batteries are safer and more durable alternatives to traditional lithium-ion batteries. Still, the cracking and detaching of silicon-based electrodes due to expansion and contraction limits their potential. In a recent study, Doi and his team developed porous silicon oxide electrodes to address this issue. The pores helped reduce the stress at the electrode-electrolyte interface, vastly improving performance, durability, and capacity. These findings bring us closer to long-lasting all-solid-state batteries for renewable energy and electric vehicles.
Reference
Kohei Marumoto, Kiyotaka Nakano, Yuki Kondo, Minoru Inaba, and Takayuki Doi. Tailored Design of a Nanoporous Structure Suitable for Thick Si Electrodes on a Stiff Oxide-Based Solid Electrolyte. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2024 16 (45), 62274-62281
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c15894
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Porous Silicon Oxide Electrodes: A Breakthrough Towards Sustainable Energy Storage
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 16-DEC-2024,
[Research News] A Novel Heme-Model Compound that Treats Lethal Gas Poisoning
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Credit: The authors. This content's background image was AI-generated, and its label was edited.
License type: Original content
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Structures of met-hemoCD-P and met-hemoCD-IThese compounds can act as powerful antidotes to treat carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and hydrogen sulfide poisoning without any risk of side effects.※
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Professor Hiroaki Kitagishi, Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, and his colleagues have developed a synthetic, nontoxic antidote to treat hydrogen sulfide poisoning safely.
Hydrogen sulfide binds strongly to heme-containing enzymes in the cell and blocks the process of respiration, causing rapid death at higher concentrations. Now, Kitagishi and his team have developed an artificial heme-model compound that has a high affinity for hydrogen sulfide and binds to it much faster than human met-hemoglobin. This compound, met-hemoCD-I, successfully treated hydrogen sulfide-induced toxicity in mice, indicating its potential as an antidote.
Reference
Atsuki Nakagami, Qiyue Mao, Masaki Horitani, Masahito Kodera & Hiroaki Kitagishi. Detoxification of hydrogen sulfide by synthetic heme model compounds. (2024) Scientific Reports.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80511-1
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
A Novel Heme-Model Compound that Treats Lethal Gas Poisoning
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 11-DEC-2024,
[Research News] A Novel Heme-Model Compound that Treats Lethal Gas Poisoning
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Credit: The authors
License type: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
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Overview of the experimental setup for ultrasonication-directed myoblast orientation.Using a simple yet effective technique, researchers from Doshisha University could harness ultrasound vibrations generated by a piezoelectric transducer to control the orientation of cultured myoblasts. After optimizing different timing, frequency, and intensity configurations, they developed a method to induce myoblasts to differentiate into circumferentially aligned myotubes.※
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Professor Daisuke Koyama, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and his students develop ultrasound-based techniques to control myoblast (cultured muscle cell) orientation, advancing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Developing reliable methods to replace damaged tissue remains a central goal in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Koyama and students have created an ultrasound-based technique to control the orientation of cultured myoblasts—precursor cells to skeletal muscle. This innovative method could enable the production of aligned cell sheets suitable for direct transplantation, offering new possibilities for therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine and muscle tissue engineering.
Reference
Hashiguchi, Ryohei; Ichikawa, Hidetaka; Kumeta, Masahiro; Koyama, Daisuke. Control of myotube orientation using ultrasonication. (2024) Scientific Reports, 14 (1), art. no. 25737.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77277-x
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Ultrasonication as a Tool for Directing Cell Growth and Orientation.
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 5-DEC-2024,
[Research News] Ultrasonication as a Tool for Directing Cell Growth and Orientation.
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Credit: Daisuke Koyama from Doshisha University, Japan
License type: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
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The late Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s immigration reforms laid the groundwork for changing Japan’s immigration landscapeThough the government denies having a formal immigration policy, the number of foreign workers increased during Abe’s second term from 2012 to 2020. Post-Abe governments continue using Abe’s immigration framework, with the possibility of shifting from restrictive ‘side-door’ policies to more inclusive ‘front-door’ policies to recruit workers of all skill levels. Japan’s evolving immigration landscape reflects its struggle to address the labor gap caused by low birth rates and an aging population.※
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New study by Mr. Maximilien Xavier Rehm, a PhD candidate at the Graduate School of Global Studies, Doshisha University, explores how the late Prime Minister’s reforms set the stage for a potential transformation of Japan's immigration landscape.
Japan’s immigration policies underwent numerous changes during late Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s second term from 2012 to 2020. Yet, the government denies having a formal immigration policy. A study by Rehm suggests that despite the government’s denial, Abe’s reforms laid the groundwork for bringing a fundamental change in Japan’s immigration regime. However, this change is yet to occur, highlighting the far-reaching implications for policymakers and foreigners in Japan.
Reference
Rehm, M. X. (2024). Abe’s incrementalism: an institutionalist analysis of immigration policy reform during the second Abe administration. Japan Forum, 1–26.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2024.2411005
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
Opening borders for workers: Abe’s profound influence on Japan’s immigration regime
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”NEWS RELEASE 15-NOV-2024,
Research News Opening borders for workers: Abe’s profound influence on Japan’s immigration regime
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Credit: "Prime Minister Abe Shinzo at Opening Ceremony of the Tokyo International Film Festival 2016" by Dick Thomas Johnson.https://openverse.org/image/e99895de-5299-48f8-a0ae-b7fa9a4873a2?q=Prime+Minister+Abe+Shinzo
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On September 26 and 27, 2024, Doshisha Week 2024, an academic exchange event between Doshisha University and Germany’s University of Tübingen, was held at the historic Alte Aula in Tübingen. Organized by Doshisha EU Campus in collaboration with Tübingen University, this event has become an annual fixture, fostering regular academic and cultural exchange between the two institutions.
This year’s Doshisha Week carried the theme, "The Challenge of Next-Generation Researchers," and was uniquely integrated as part of the overseas activity of students funded by the Doshisha University SPRING Program, a government-supported initiative for challenging and interdisciplinary research at the doctoral level. The event facilitated a valuable research exchange between SPRING-supported doctoral students from Doshisha and their PhD peers from Tübingen University.
Three SPRING-supported students from Doshisha University traveled to Tübingen: Ria Yano (Theology, D1), Saki Yamaguchi (Global Studies, D3), and Riko Adachi (Economics, D1). Another student, Haruka Makita (Psychology, D3), joined the event virtually. Each student delivered a 15-minute research presentation, followed by discussions with local students and researchers. The event’s themes were “Gender & Religion; Gender Studies” on the first day, and “Social Sciences (Economics, Fiscal Policy/Psychology)” on the second. Tübingen’s PhD candidates with expertise in these areas also presented their research, fostering mutual exchange and learning across disciplines.
Doshisha students received valuable feedback from Tübingen researchers and engaged in lively exchanges with fellow students, enhancing their research skills and sparking new insights. This first-ever doctoral-level research exchange was highly appreciated by Tübingen University, highlighting the potential for further collaboration between the two universities.
The SPRING Program aims to support doctoral students in developing a global perspective and building networks through international research exchange, and Doshisha Week 2024 provided a meaningful opportunity for students to engage in these pursuits.
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Surface-energy ratchet mechanism The proposed ratchet mechanism utilizes the asymmetry in surface wettability between the smooth and rough faces of the teeth of a geometrically symmetric gear to achieve ratcheting motion. .
The research team, including Dr. Dai Matsuda, a former doctoral student, Jiro Senda and Eriko Matsumura, professors at the Faculty of Science and Engineering, revealed the mechanisms behind wall film formation, which is a crucial contributor to particulate matter emissions under cold fuel conditions.
Particulate matter emissions from direct injection engines are a major environmental issue. Matsuda and his colleagues studied how wall films, which form when fuel sprays onto engine walls, contribute to these emissions in cold conditions. They found that cold fuel creates thicker wall films, producing more particulate emissions. This finding will help develop improved fuel injection methods, making engines cleaner and helping to attain the upcoming Euro 7 emission standards.
Reference
Dai MATSUDA, Akira ADACHI, Akari SHIMONO, Eriko MATSUMURA, Jiro SENDA, Experimental analysis of spray impingement wall film at cold temperatures for Direct-Injection spark ignition engines, Fuel, Volume 374, 2024,132407.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.132407
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
https://research.doshisha.ac.jp/news/news-detail-59/
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
NEWS RELEASE 27-AUG-2024, Analysis of Spray Impingement and Wall Film Formation in Direct Injection Engines.
Credit: "Car exhaust" by eutrophication&hypoxia
License type: CC BY 2.0
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Surface-energy ratchet mechanism The proposed ratchet mechanism utilizes the asymmetry in surface wettability between the smooth and rough faces of the teeth of a geometrically symmetric gear to achieve ratcheting motion. .
Researchers, including Miku Hatatani, a Ph.D. student in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, have developed a novel ratchet mechanism that utilizes asymmetry in surface wettability and resembles the biological Brownian ratchets
Conventional ratchet mechanisms involve a geometrically asymmetric gear for realizing the ratcheting mechanism. In a new study, researchers have now developed a novel ratcheting mechanism based on the asymmetry of surface wettability and it uses a geometrically symmetric gear. This innovative mechanism resembles the Brownian ratchets, which have been proposed for understanding the motion of molecular motors in biological systems and can pave the way for novel energy-harvesting technologies.
Reference
Hatatani, M., Yamamoto, D. & Shioi, A. Surface-energy ratchet motor with geometrical symmetry driven by biased random walk. Sci Rep 14, 16619 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67383-1
For more details, please see the website of Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University.
https://research.doshisha.ac.jp/news/news-detail-58/
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
NEWS RELEASE 20-AUG-2024, Novel Ratchet with Geometrically Symmetric Gear Driven by Asymmetric Surface Wettability
Image Credit: Miku Hatatani from Doshisha University
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Comparison of the wet-bulb globe temperature (WGBT) among different surfaces The on-site WGBT values are significantly higher than those measured by the Japan Meteorological Agency weather station, particularly for hard and sand-filled artificial grass courts, highlighting the need for appropriate countermeasures. .
Researchers, including Hiroki Yamaguchi, a PhD student at the Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, investigate the thermal environments of different tennis court surfaces, offering key insights for effective heat countermeasures
Tennis players are exposed to high-heat environments during matches. Different tennis court surfaces can have different thermal environments, necessitating suitable countermeasures. In a new study, researchers investigated the thermal environment of different tennis court surfaces using on-site measurements and compared the results with the established guideline levels. Their findings can lead to enhanced countermeasures, thus improving the safety of athletes, coaches, referees, and spectators.
Reference
Hiroki Yamaguchi, Takaaki Mori, Hiromi Hanano, Kan Oishi, Kentaro Ikeue, Yuiko Yamamoto & Kojiro Ishii. Using wet-bulb globe temperature meters to examine the effect of heat on various tennis court surfaces. Sci Rep 14, 15548 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66518-8
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
NEWS RELEASE 6-AUG-2024, Preventing Heat Stroke in Tennis: Insights into the Heat Environments of Tennis Courts
Image Credit: Hiroki Yamaguchi from Doshisha University
License type: CC-BY 4.0
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Effects of eccentric-only resistance training on hamstring muscle stiffness, size, and strength
Eccentric-only resistance training at long muscle lengths and with a long contraction duration can chronically decrease the passive stiffness of a specific muscle while simultaneously increasing its size and strength.
Raki Kawama, an Assistant Professor at the Organization for Research Initiatives and Development/Faculty of Health and Sports Science, and his colleagues suggest that resistance training boosts muscle size and strength while reducing passive muscle stiffness.
It is commonly believed that resistance training, widely recommended for building muscle strength and size, may increase passive muscle stiffness. However, they have demonstrated that eccentric-only resistance training, particularly when performed at long muscle lengths with prolonged contraction durations at high weekly frequencies, can significantly reduce passive muscle stiffness in specific muscles while simultaneously increasing strength and size. This innovative training method can significantly benefit athletes and patients in sports and rehabilitation settings.
Reference
Kawama, Raki, Takahashi, Katsuki, Ikifune, Haruki, Tozawa, Hironoshin, Obata, Takafumi, Ito, Ryo, Hojo, Tatsuya, Wakahara, Taku. Can Eccentric-only Resistance Training Decrease Passive Muscle Stiffness while Increasing Size and Strength of Hamstrings?. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ():10.1249/MSS.0000000000003516, July 16, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003516
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
NEWS RELEASE 1-AUG-2024, Eccentric-only Resistance Training Can Lower Passive Muscle Stiffness
Image Credit:Raki Kawama from Doshisha University
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Generating adversarial images for image cropping models Many commercial image cropping models utilize saliency maps (also known as gaze estimation) to identify the most critical areas within an image. In this study, researchers developed innovative techniques to introduce imperceptible noisy perturbations into images, thus influencing the output of cropping models. This approach aims to prevent essential parts of images, such as copyright information or watermarks, from being inadvertently cropped, thus promoting fairness in AI models. .
Researchers, including Masatomo Yoshida, a Ph.D. student at the Graduate School of Science and Engineering, techniques to create perturbations in images that can deceive cropping models, helping identify and address their weaknesses.
Models that automatically crop images, like those used in social media to create thumbnails, can sometimes make mistakes, leading to misrepresentation. To study and address these models' weaknesses, they have developed novel methods for creating adversarial examples. By efficiently generating adversarial images that modify actual images to 'trick' models into cropping different regions, these techniques aim to make image cropping AI systems more reliable and fair.
Reference
M. Yoshida, H. Namura and M. Okuda, "Adversarial Examples for Image Cropping: Gradient-Based and Bayesian-Optimized Approaches for Effective Adversarial Attack," in IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 86541-86552, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3415356
This achievement has also been featured in the “EurekAlert!.”
NEWS RELEASE 1-AUG-2024, Enhancing Automatic Image Cropping Models with Advanced Adversarial Techniques
Image Credit: Masatomo Yoshida from Doshisha University
License type: Original content
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